Compare between intra-AS routing and inter-AS routing? List 2 examples for intra-AS and 1 example for inter-AS routing protocols. What are the purposes of a Label Switching Router (LSR)?

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Question One: (10 Marks)

Using the SONET/SDH STS-1 basic frame structure as given in the following figure to answer the questions:

  1. The data rate of an STS-1 signal. (2 marks)
  2. The user data rate of an STS-1 frames (without considering the overheads). (2 marks)
  3. The data rate of an STS-3 signal. (2 marks)
  4. The duration of an STS-1 frame, STS-3 frame and STS-n frame. (2 marks)
  5. The payload rate for STM-1. (2 marks)

Hint: Provide detailed calculations steps to get the results

Question Two: (20 Marks)

This question requires you to collect and evaluate a packet trace using the Wire shark software tool and a command line tool for your operating system. Take clear screenshots of the steps you have taken to prove you have implemented them.

Part 1: Retrieve your PC interface addresses.

  1. Find your IP address for your device. (2 Mark)
  2. Find the Ethernet address of the main network interface or the wireless address of your device. (2 Marks)
  3. Find the IP address of the local router or default gateway that your device uses to reach the rest of the Internet. (2 Marks)

 

Part 2: Start Wireshark and begin capturing data.

  1. A) In the Windows Command Prompt, use the ping command to ping the web server www.google.com then start up the Wireshark packet sniffer, and begin Wireshark packet capture. When the Ping command terminates, stop the packet capture in Wireshark. and answer the following questions:
  1. Examine one of the ping request packets sent by your host. What are the ICMP type and code numbers? What other fields does this ICMP packet have? How many bytes are the checksum, sequence number and identifier fields? (3 Marks)
  1. Examine the corresponding ping reply packet. What are the ICMP type and code numbers? What other fields does this ICMP packet have? How many bytes are the checksum, sequence number and identifier fields? (3 Marks)
  1. B) In the Windows Command Prompt, use traceroute command (tracert) to trace the route of web server www.google.com then start up the Wireshark packet sniffer and begin Wireshark packet capture. When the traceroute, command terminates, stop the packet capture in Wireshark. and answer the following questions:
  1. Examine the ICMP echo packet in your screenshot. Is this different from the ICMP ping query packets in the first half of this question? If yes, how so? (3 Marks)
  1. Examine the ICMP packets received by the source host. How are these packets different from the ICMP error packets? Why are they different? (3 Marks)
  1. Within the tracert measurements, is there a link whose delay is significantly longer than others? (2 Marks) You need to provide four clear screenshots, two for every part, one for the command line and the other for Wireshark packet sniffer tool.

Hint: The question mark will be deducted if the screenshots and the information inside it is not clear

Question Three: (15 Marks)

In this question you should prepare short research (report) on one of the five recent computer

networking topics listed below.

  1. Plastic optical fiber (POF).
  2. Network Quality of Service.
  3. Network Function Virtualization.
  4. Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Network.

DSL technologies.

Your research (report) should include a brief explanation of the chosen topic, its implementations, requirements, how it differs from standard technologies, applications and examples, benefits and drawbacks. As much as you can, use diagrams to support your research (report). Your research (report) should have a good introduction and conclusion. Three to five diverse sources should be used to support your research (report). The Harvard Reference System should be followed for citing sources, and a reference list should be provided at the end of your research (report). The final word count for your report should be no less than 300 and no more than 400.

Hint: Use your own words to answer the question, all similar answers and copied answers from the internet will get zero.

Question Four: (15 Marks)

  1. Compare between intra-AS routing and inter-AS routing? (3 Marks)
  2. List 2 examples for intra-AS and 1 example for inter-AS routing protocols. (6 Marks)
  3. What are the purposes of a Label Switching Router (LSR)? (Give 3 purposes) (6 marks)

 

Research into an ancient civilization or site significant for world prehistory. Describe specific archaeological sites which tell us about your group. Explain original reason for settlement and the reasons for growth.

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Ancient civilization

Instructions
There are two options for this Project:

OPTION B: Research into an ancient civilization or site significant for world prehistory.

OPTION B: ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS

For this option you will select an ancient civilization or site that is significant for world prehistory. You will research the subsistence strategies of that civilization and its environmental interactions researching also diet, health, and technology of the civilization.

You may choose from the following list (or propose and receive permission to research another group/site.)

Ancient Civilization Groups/Sites

  • Natufians (Middle East)
  • Sumer (Mesopotamia)
  • Ancient Egypt
  • Indus River Valley
  • Shang (China)
  • Mesoamerica
  • Cahokia (North America)
  • Andean South America
  • Great Zimbabwe
  • Aksum
  • Catal Hoyuk

CONTENT GUIDELINES FOR OPTIONS A & B

Your paper should address the following:

1) Describe the geography where this group is located. Include the following:

  • Climate
  • Topography
  • Water ways
  • Identify modern-day country

2) Describe specific archaeological sites which tell us about your group.

  • Name and Location
  • When excavated and by whom
  • Significant features

3) Explain original reason for settlement (advantages) and the reasons for growth.

4) Describe the culture:

  • Subsistence base: how did people support themselves?
  • Political organization: how did people govern themselves?
  • Social Structure: what do we know about people were organized?
  • Contacts with others: with whom did they trade; fight; network with?

5) Explain what happened to the group.

  • Analyze the reason for the decline, disappearance, or continued existence.

6) Draw comparisons to our own modern-day situation.

Explain the methods and theories archaeologists use to survey, excavate, analyze, and interpret material evidence to gain insight into the human past, present, and future. Analyze prehistoric cultural patterns on local and global levels in order to relate these patterns to contemporary societies and populations.

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Ancient Civilization Project – Stage 1: Proposal

Instructions

Stage 1: Topic Proposal

There are two options for this Ancient Civilization Project.

Research into an ancient civilization or site significant for world prehistory.

Carefully read the project description for the ancient history project in your syllabus. The topic you choose must first be approved by your instructor as there may be classmates who want to do the same project. Should this happen, you may be asked to discuss with these classmates how you will approach the topic differently from each other.

Important! Do not start your research until you receive approval from your instructor.

 

ANCIENT CIVILIZATION PROJECT (18% of total course grade. The completed, final version of the project is due the end of Week Six.)

The Ancient Civilization Project supports the following ANTH 345 Course Outcomes:

Explain the methods and theories archaeologists use to survey, excavate, analyze, and interpret material evidence to gain insight into the human past, present, and future.
Analyze prehistoric cultural patterns on local and global levels in order to relate these patterns to contemporary societies and populations.
Analyze prehistoric patterns of human subsistence and environmental interaction to identify consequences and their relevance to current environmental and health challenges.

Discuss your findings at the two sites. Did you identify any patterns in the debris? What does the debris tell you about the area in which it was found? Can you infer anything about the people that may have visited that area?

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Garbology Survey Assignment

The purpose of this assignment is to determine whether patterns of behavior are visible in the material remains you observe. You will conduct a ground survey of two sites, analyze the trash/debris you observe, and test your hypotheses about the sites based on your finds.

Choose two outdoor locations that are mostly similar but differ in terms of some important aspects of typical behavior in those locations. The sites will likely vary in size but should be no smaller than 20 feet square or the equivalent. The behavioral differences can be based on your own knowledge of the locations, on your assumptions about human nature, etc. Following are some suggestions, but we urge you to think of different places that would be interesting to compare.

  • A portion of a public park vs. a vacant lot
  • A tourist beach vs. a non-tourist beach
  • A parking lot of a shopping center vs. a parking lot of an business complex
  • An art cinema vs. a mainstream theater

2. Prior to surveying your chosen locations, develop at least two testable hypotheses regarding the material evidence you expect to observe at each site. Include your reasons/rationale for your expectations in describing your hypotheses.

3. Conduct a ground survey of trash/debris at the two areas. Describe any debris (artifacts) and features you observe on the surface. Do not collect the debris! Your descriptions of the debris should include information about each piece of debris’ significant attributes—location, size, shape, manufacturer, condition, etc. You should try to describe at least 25 pieces of debris at each site.

4. Analyze your survey data for patterns of similarities and differences for the two areas. For example:

  •  Are there clusters of debris?
  • Are some items clustered together while others are not?
  • Are there differences in types, amounts, conditions, etc. in where and how debris is found at the two areas?

Written Analysis (1000-1200 words)

Write an analysis that incorporates your findings using the following structure to organize your work.

1. Introduction – Discuss the two sites you chose to survey and why. What were your hypotheses and your predictions about the type of debris you would find at these sites?

2. Methods – Describe the survey strategy/method you used to test your hypotheses. Make sure to give a detailed discussion of your process.

3. Data – Include an inventory of all of the artifacts that you mapped at the site in a spreadsheet or table format. Be sure to include all important details about the artifacts in your spreadsheet/table.

4. Analysis – Discuss your findings at the two sites. Did you identify any patterns in the debris? What does the debris tell you about the area in which it was found? Can you infer anything about the people that may have visited that area? For example, does the majority of the debris point to any sociodemographic categories? USE specific EXAMPLES (lines of evidence) that support your interpretations. Consider other potential interpretations even if you think they are less likely than yours. Be careful not to overstate your data and avoid cultural bias and “assumed” knowledge. Everything you write about the assemblage’s culture must come directly from the specific items in your inventory.

5. Conclusion – Compare your evidence from the sites with your hypotheses and your predictions. Did you find what you anticipated? Do you accept or reject your hypotheses? Did you find any unexpected differences in the debris that can be related to behavior that took place at the two locations? Designate your data inventories as table 1 and table 2 and attach them to your written analysis as appendices. Reference the tables in your writing when appropriate.

scuss, in 500 words, how you would advise your current employer to use encryption to reduce the vulnerabilities of their data at rest, in use, and in transit (or in motion). Identify at what points you think their data is at the highest risk.

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Vulnerabilities

Discuss, in 500 words, how you would advise your current employer to use encryption to reduce the vulnerabilities of their data at rest, in use, and in transit (or in motion). Identify at what points you think their data is at the highest risk. Consider where the data is when it at rest, in transit, or in use and the potential vulnerabilities associated with each of those locations.

Cite your sources in-line and at the end. Provide a URL for your citations. Write in essay format not in bulleted, numbered or other list format. Do not copy without providing proper attribution.

Use the five paragraph format. Each paragraph must have at least five sentences. Include 3 quotes cited in-line and in a list of references. Include an interesting meaningful title.

 

Should volks wagen management allow employees to criticise the company without fear of retaliation? Could volkswagen management benefit from allowing such criticism why or why not?

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Volks-wagen case study

A case study of volks-wagen of what the legal and ethical obligations do employees have to refrain from bad mouthing their employers, in a fit of pique, especially on the firms own website.

1) Should volks wagen management allow employees to criticise the company without fear of retaliation? Could volkswagen management benefit from allowing such criticism why or why not?

 

Prepare a time-series plot of THS. Describe what you see in this plot in terms of trend and seasonality. Calculate and plot the first 12 autocorrelation coefficients for HS. What does this autocorrelation structure suggest about the trend?

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Future health of the economy

Home sales are often considered an important determinant of the future health of the economy. Thus, there is widespread interest in being able to forecast home sales (HS). Quarterly data for HS are shown in the following table in thousands of units (c2p10) use excel data attached and forecastx add-in. Question is from textbook Forecasting and Predictive Analytics with Forecast XBarry Keating, J. Holton Wilson, John Solutions, Inc.

McGraw-Hill, 7th edition, 2018

  • a.Prepare a time-series plot of THS. Describe what you see in this plot in terms of trend and seasonality.
  • b.Calculate and plot the first 12 autocorrelation coefficients for HS. What does this autocorrelation structure suggest about the trend?

 

Take a notebook outside and pick an object that catches your eye. Write a 275 word description of the object using as many of your senses as you can. Paint a picture with your words and feel free to use some figurative language if it helps.

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Description of an object

Take a notebook outside (or sit by a window if you prefer) and pick an object that catches your eye. Write a 275 word description of the object using as many of your senses as you can (no need to lick any trees). Paint a picture with your words and feel free to use some figurative language if it helps.

Reply to the following post regarding toxins in Jacksonville, NC and how it affects the four spheres.

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Discussion post;

Reply to the following post regarding toxins in Jacksonville, NC and how it affects the four spheres:

“The thing that surprised me the most during the research was the issue of toxins found in water and soil, and it was estimated that it originated from military bases around the city since they were plenty and the military personnel was the only individuals affected by contaminants. However the government is trying to resolve the issue and ensure that military personnel is protected, it is surprising, to try and figure out where the contaminants originated from. Jacksonville has tried to protect the four spheres of the earth, and it is working to promote proper living for the citizens and environmental conservation, which is key for the growth of the population and proper care of the earth.”

Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then share your story.

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College admission essay

Prompt: Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then share your story.